Introduction of MySQL :

MySQL is an open-source program that’s the foundation for many web applications and is there for most of our undertaking arrangements. This system is fast, dependable, and user-friendly which has ended up an fundamentally parcel of the web, supply by the greatest stages such as Facebook and Twitter.

As for the case of “Backend with MySQL”, engineers will utilize this technology for its easily grow and adapt to different needs, confronting changing assignments, depending on whether they make a basic web journal or a complex e-commerce framework. It moreover, you can create language In which MySQL database numerous bolsters and bolstered security to get max data. MySQL brilliant innovation for backend back your calling allots as little measure or giant-size what you have like any claim of this fancy-small-business Who facet/sites/platform with a #Webserver to Service/Customer.

Importance of backends with MySQL :

MySQL – There is no way this direct on backend promotion can disregard the significance of MySQL. A dependable and precise database management framework is fundamental to overseeing information securely, and viably at that point MySQL serves this reason. Backends with MySQL permits designers to store, oversee, and bring information exceptionally effectively hence making this benefit best suited for all intents and purposes all applications beginning from little destinations through the venture frameworks.

Since MySQL is an open-source innovation, it can be utilized at zero fetched and has a expansive community for upgrades and stronger. Due to straightforward integration in numerous settings and accessibility for nearly each other programming dialect MySQL is a extraordinary arrangement as a backend, which let you do versatile execution effortlessly in any venture.

Table of substance :

Installing MySQL on different operating systems (Windows, macOS, and Linux)

Windows :

• Download MySQL Installer : First visit MySQL official page. Select MySQL for windows. Select “Web Community” version for small download and offline installation for full version.

• Run From Installer : When the download is complete run installer. In the select section click on “Developer Default” option for full installation include MySQL server, MySQL Workbench, and other tools.

Setup MySQL Server :

When prompted, select a setup type. Server Only or Full are recommended for most users. Proceed through the installation steps. The installer will check for any required prerequisites and install.

In the design window, choose the default design unless you have specific requirements. Set a strong password and create any extra user accounts as needed.

Note : Follow the on-screen instructions to set up the server, including setting a root password.

Complete Installation : Close the installation and start MySQL.

macOS :

• Download MySQL DMG File : Visit MySQL official page. Select MySQL for macOS and download the “DMG” archive. 

• Install MySQL : Open downloaded DMG file and double-click MySQL installer package. Follow the on-screen instructions to install MySQL. During installation you will be hint to set a strong password.

Start MySQL Server :

When the installation is complete then you can start the MySQL server from the system preferences pane or by using the command line:

sudo /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server start

Verify Installation :

Open a terminal and run the following command to check the MySQL version:

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -p

Enter the strong password you set during installation.

Linux :

Make Package Repository Updates

Update your package repository to ensure you have the most recent information before installing MySQL:

sudo apt-get update

Set up the MySQL server :

Regarding Ubuntu/Debian :

sudo apt-get install mysql-server

Regarding CentOS/RHEL :

sudo yum install mysql-server

Launch the MySQL service :

Regarding Ubuntu/Debian :

sudo systemctl start mysql

Regarding CentOS/RHEL :

sudo systemctl start mysqld

Installing MySQL Securely :

To change  default settings to secure ones and specify a strong password, run  security script:

sudo mysql_secure_installation

To finish the setup, adhere to the instructions.

Check the Installation :

To make sure everything is operating as it should, log into MySQL:

mysql -u root -p

Enter the strong password that you specified when you installed the software securely.

Configuring MySQL for First-Time Use :

Setting up MySQL for the first time can seem complicated, but it’s quite simple with the right steps. After installing MySQL, you need to configure it to ensure it runs smoothly and securely.

First, set a strong root password to protect your database. You can do this during installation or afterward using the MySQL command line. Next, create a new user with all privileges and a secure password. This user will manage the databases instead of the root account.

Then, check and adjust the MySQL configuration file (my.cnf or my.ini) for performance and security settings. Ensure that the server is listening on the correct network interfaces and that remote access is secured.

Finally, create your first database and test your setup by connecting to it and running a few simple queries. This ensures everything is working correctly.

These steps help you get started with MySQL, making it secure and ready for your applications.

MySQL Database :

MySQL database is a system database. A database is used to store collection of records in an organized form . It allows us to hold the data into table, index, rows and columns to find relevent information frequently.user can access and manage records through the database. MySQL implement database as a directory which store all the files in the form of table.

MySQL allows user to create database in two ways : 

1. MySQL Command Line Client
2. MySQL workbench

1. MySQL Command Line Client :
The command line client  is a cross platform client interface to collaborator server.

we can create new database in MySQL  using the CREATE DATABASE statement :

Command 1 :

CREATE DATABASE [IF NOT EXISTS] database_name  

[CHARACTER SET charset_name]  

[COLLATE collation_name];

Example : 

CREATE DATABASE employee; 

2. MySQL workbench :

Here, gives the step to create a database in MySQL workbench:

1.Go to the navigation tab and click on the Schema Menu. And click on database icon (red rectangle).

2.The new schema window is open write name of the database and click on Apply button.

3.In the new pop up window click Apply and then Finish button.

4.After new successful database creation you can see new created database in the Schema menu.

5. we can see more information about database by selecting database and click on ” i ” icon. which display.

How to use current database in MySQL ?

Select Database is used in MySQL to select a particular database to work with it . This query is used when multiple databases are available with MySQL Server. You can use SQL command USE to select a particular database.

Syntax :

Use database_name;  

How to show database in MySQL ?

When we work with the MySQL server, it is a common task to show or list the databases, displaying the table from a particular database, and information of user accounts and their privileges that reside on the server. In this article, we are going to focus on how to list databases in the MySQL server.

Syntax :

SHOW databases;  

How to drop database in MySQL ?

We can drop/delete/remove a MySQL database quickly with the MySQL DROP DATABASE command. It will delete the database along with all the tables, indexes, and constraints permanently. Therefore, we should have to be very careful while removing the database in MySQL because we will lose all the data available in the database. If the database is not available in the MySQL server, the DROP DATABASE statement throws an error.

Syntax :

DROP DATABASE [IF EXISTS] database_name; 

MySQL Table :

Create a table in MySQL Database :

A table is used to organize data in the form of rows and columns and used for both storing and displaying records in the structure format. It is similar to worksheets in the spreadsheet application. A table creation command requires three things:

1. Name of the table
2. Name of fields
3. Definitions for each field

Create table using MySQL Command line client :

Syntax :

CREATE TABLE [IF NOT EXISTS] table_name(  

     column_definition1,  

   column_definition2,  

     ........,  

     table_constraints  

);

For show the tables of database : 

Show tables;  

For describe the structure of the table :

DESCRIBE  table_name;  

How to add columns in MySQL ?

MySQL Alter statement is used to modify the table or change the field of the table. It is also used to add and delete column of the existing table.

Syntax :

ALTER TABLE table_name  

ADD new_column_name column_definition  

[ FIRST | AFTER column_name ];

MySQL Datatypes :

A Data Type specifies a type of data, like integer, floating points, Boolean, etc. It also identifies the possible values for that data type, the operations that can be performed on that type, and how the values of that type are stored. In MySQL,every database table has many columns and contains specific data types for each column.

Here, given difference types of data type in MySQL :

1. Numeric data type :

These data types can include the fixed numeric data types (For example, integer, decimal, numeric, etc). It supports BIT datatype to store bit values.There are two types of numeric datatype : signed and unsigned . Here are different types of numeric datatype like TINYINT , SMALLINT, BIGINT, MEDIUMINT, INT ,FLOAT , DOUBLE, BIT , BOOL, BOOLEAN etc.

2. Date and Time data type:

These datatype is used to represent Date, Year ,Time , Datetime,Timestamp etc. It gives date in the  ‘yyyy-mm-dd’ format . And also display time with the Datetime datatype which is written in the  ‘yyyy-mm-dd hh:mm:ss’ format.

3. String data type :

The string data type is used to hold text and binary data, for example, files, images, etc. MySQL perform searching and comparing string value based on the pattern matching such as operator, Regular Expressions, etc. There are categories of string datatype like CHAR, VARCHAR, TINYTEXT, TEXT, MEDIUMTEXT, LONGTEXT , BINARY, ENUM, SET etc.

4. Binary Large Object Data Types :

Binary Large Object Data Types in MySQL is a data type that can hold a variable amount of data. There are into four different types categories based on the maximum length of values can hold. Binary data type such as TINYBLOB, BLOB ,MEDIUMBLOB, LONGBLOB etc.

5. Spatial data type :

It is a some types of data type which is used to hold various geometrical and geographical values. There are different types of spatial data type such as GEOMETRY, POINT, POLYGON, LINESTRING, MULTINESTRING, MULTIPOINT, MULTIPLYGON etc.

6. JSON data type:

These data type allows MySQL to store a wide range of data. MySQL provides Json datatype for Native Json datatype for the version of v5.7.8.

What is CRUD ?

Create: This operation include including unused information pass to your database. For case, when a client registers on a site, their data (like username, e-mail, secret word) is made and put away in the database.

Read:  Reading means to getting or recovering information from the database. This might include showing a list of web journal posts, getting client subtle elements for a profile page, or appearing items in an online store.

Update: You can change the information that already exists by update. When a client alters their profile data or changes the status of an arrange, you’re performing an overhaul operation on the individual information entry.

Delete: Finally, erase information from the database. For example, when a client chooses to erase their account, all related information (like profile data, posts, orders) ought to be expelled from the database.

How to performing CRUD operations ?

In the world of web development, CRUD operations are necessary. CRUD stands for Create, Read, Update, and Delete  four necessary capacities utilized to oversee information in database or applications. Whether you’re building a straightforward web journal or a complex e-commerce location, understanding CRUD operations is vital. Let’s dig into what CRUD implies and how you can execute it in your projects.

Basic MySQL commands :

1. Command to create table in SQL:

Syntax :

CREATE TABLE table_name (

     column1 datatype constraints,

     column2 datatype constraints,

     ...

);

Example:

CREATE TABLE my_table (

     id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,

     name VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,

     age INT,

     email VARCHAR(100) UNIQUE

);

2. Command to display Read(Select) the data of the database :

Syntax :

SELECT column1, column2, ... from table_name

WHERE condition

ORDER BY column ASC|DESC

LIMIT number;

-- Select all columns :

SELECT * FROM table_name;

Example:

( 1 ) Displaying all records of table :

SELECT * FROM employees;

( 2 ) Display only specific columns with it’s field name:

SELECT name, email FROM employees;

( 3 ) Write a condition in where for display records base on condition :

SELECT * FROM employees WHERE age > 25;

( 4 ) Display records on sorting ascending or desceding order :

SELECT * FROM employees ORDER BY age DESC;

3. Command to update records in the table of the database :

Syntax: 

UPDATE table_name

SET column1 = value1, column2 = value2, ...

WHERE condition;

Example :

UPDATE employees SET age = 3 where  id= 1;

-- Update multiple columns :

UPDATE employees

SET age = 32, email = 'john.doe32@example.com'

WHERE id = 1;

4.  Command to delete records or table of the database :

Syntax :

-- Delete a specific row

DELETE FROM table_name WHERE condition;

-- Delete all rows (keep the table):

TRUNCATE TABLE table_name;

Example :

DELETE FROM employees WHERE id = 1;

-- Delete all rows (keep the table structure)

TRUNCATE TABLE employees;

Database security :

Database security is critical to prevent unauthorized access, corruption or data loss of more sensitive information stored in databases. As a popular database management system, backends with MySQL provides features in order to ensure the safety of your data. Things you should do and best practices to keep your MySQL database server safe

1. Use Strong Passwords :

It is important that all MySQL accounts use strong, unique passwords Keep away from having straight forward or basic passwords A good password has some letters and numbers, add special character also. Also change passwords periodically to prevent unauthorized entry.

2. Limit User Privileges :

Only give your users the rights they need in order to complete their jobs. For example, if a user only needs read permissions to access data, then they should not be given write or admin capability. This concept of least privilege ensures a risk in disturbance unknowingly or willingly of data.

3. Enable Firewall Protection :

Secure access The preferred and recommended method to secure your MySQL server is by utilizing a firewall for better control over who can log into the fresh DeployMintMySQL instance. Whitelist all database IP addresses which are trusted. This acts as a barrier against unauthorized users who can access your database over the network.

4. Regularly Update MySQL :

Maintain the MySQL server on a monthly basis with regular security patches and updates. There are updates constantly pushed out by the developers to plug security holes and increase performance. If you do update your MySQL server regularly, it will prevent any known threats.

5. Encrypt Data :

Securing sensitive information at rest and in transit. Example: MySQL supports various encryption methods to encrypt data transmitted between the server and clients, such as SSL/TLS. On another hand, your other option can be use of encryption functions to secure data in stored form at database level.

Real-world Example :

One real-world case of a company using MySQL is Facebook. Facebook, one of the world’s biggest social media stag, depend on MySQL for overseeing its huge sum of information. MySQL make difference Facebook handle million of client intelligent each moment, guaranteeing that everything run easily.

By using MySQL, Facebook can rapidly store, recover, and oversee information such as client profile, post, and message. This allow stage to give a consistent encounter for its client, making beyond any doubt that data is continuously accessible and up-to-date.

How does Nexotips Infotech assist clients with MySQL projects, from planning to growth capability ?

Nexotips Infotech offers full support to the client using MySQL for their projects. We help with everything for planning design to development , security , Efficiency improvement and Growth capability. Nexotips Infotech makes sure that clients can use MySQL to create strong, efficient and secure applications. With our Specialization, our clients can easily manage their database and focus on reaching their business goal.

FAQ :

1. How to create database in MySQL? 

MySQL uses a system database to store a collection of records in an organized form, allows users to manage data through tables, indexes, rows, and columns.

Create database :

MySQL Command Line Client :

CREATE DATABASE database_name;

MySQL Workbench:

1.Navigate to the Schema Menu and click on the database icon.

2.Enter the database name and click “Apply”.

3.Confirm in the pop-up window by clicking “Apply” and then “Finish”.

2. How to create table in MySQL ? 

Create table using MySQL command Line Client:

CREATE TABLE employees (

    id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,

    name VARCHAR(100),

    age INT,

    email VARCHAR(100) UNIQUE

);

 3. How many data types are available in MySQL ?

Numeric Data Types

• Includes types such as TINYINT, SMALLINT, INT, BIGINT, FLOAT, DOUBLE, etc.

Date and Time Data Types

• Types like DATE, TIME, DATETIME, TIMESTAMP, YEAR.

String Data Types

• Types like CHAR, VARCHAR, TINYTEXT, TEXT, MEDIUMTEXT, LONGTEXT, BINARY, etc.

Binary Large Object Data Types

• Types like TINYBLOB, BLOB, MEDIUMBLOB, LONGBLOB.

Spatial Data Types

• Types like GEOMETRY, POINT, POLYGON, LINESTRING, etc.

JSON Data Types

• Native JSON datatype supported from version 5.7.8 onwards.

4. Describe insert operation on MySQL .

Insert operation is used to add the records in the table using insert command.

insert into users (username, email, age)  values('john_doe', 'john@example.com', 30);

Conclusion :

MySQL is a key player in database management, known for being fast, reliable, and easy to use. Being open-source means that it’s free and has a large community that keeps improving it. Whether you’re making a simple blog or a big online store, MySQL is flexible and has powerful features that keep your backend efficient and secure. Learning MySQL allows developers to create applications that are scalable and can handle lots of data and user interactions smoothly. Big companies like Facebook use MySQL, showing how essential it is for managing data in modern backend development.

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